How a shared calling code routes a call
1. Read the global code
The plus sign represents the caller’s international access method. The next one to three digits select an E.164 country-code assignment.
2. Read the destination range
The next digits select a numbering-plan area, national destination, territory or service inside that assignment.
3. Route the subscriber number
The remaining digits identify the exchange, mobile range or subscriber according to that plan’s current rules.
+ shared code + destination range + subscriber digits
Shared codes represented in this directory
This is generated from the current country and territory dataset. It groups identical top-level calling codes; it does not imply that every member follows the same domestic dialing, billing or portability rules.
| Shared code | Countries and territories | How they are separated |
|---|---|---|
| +1 | United States,Canada,Bahamas,Barbados,Anguilla,Antigua and Barbuda,British Virgin Islands,United States Virgin Islands,Cayman Islands,Bermuda,Grenada,Turks and Caicos Islands,Montserrat,Northern Mariana Islands,Guam,American Samoa,Sint Maarten,Saint Lucia,Dominica,Saint Vincent and the Grenadines,Puerto Rico,Dominican Republic,Trinidad and Tobago,Saint Kitts and Nevis,Jamaica | The North American Numbering Plan. The following three-digit numbering-plan area identifies a geographic area or service within the integrated plan. |
| +7 | Russia and Kazakhstan use distinct national destination ranges after +7. The shared first digit does not make calls between them domestic. | |
| +39 | Italy and Vatican City appear under +39. Italian geographic numbers can retain a significant leading 0 in international format. | |
| +61 | Australia and the external territories Christmas Island and Cocos (Keeling) Islands are represented under +61, with later digits routing the destination. | |
| +262 | Réunion and Mayotte use +262 ranges. The destination is resolved by the digits that follow the shared code. | |
| +599 | Caribbean Netherlands and Curaçao use separate ranges within +599. Do not infer the territory from +599 alone. |
Why so many destinations use +1
+1 is the code for the integrated North American Numbering Plan, not a United States-only code. NANPA says the plan serves the United States and its territories, Canada and several Caribbean countries. Each ordinary NANP number has a three-digit numbering-plan area followed by a seven-digit local number.
Why numbering overlaps exist
Integrated regional plans: neighbouring countries and territories can participate in one administered numbering plan, as with +1.
Administrative relationships: territories may use ranges associated with a larger national numbering system while remaining separate directory destinations.
Historic network allocation: assignments reflect telecommunications history and later agreements, so political borders and calling-code boundaries are not a one-to-one map.
Shared global services: the ITU also assigns shared codes for international networks and services. These are different from ordinary geographic country records and use identification codes or service-specific digits after the shared code.
Common shared-code mistakes
Stopping after the calling code
Always retain the destination range and subscriber digits. The shared code alone is intentionally incomplete.
Treating every +1 number as US
Use the three-digit numbering-plan area and current NANP data before assigning a country or territory.
Applying one trunk-zero rule
Shared first digits do not create a universal national format. Check the destination’s own numbering plan.
Assuming domestic pricing
A technically integrated numbering plan does not guarantee a domestic tariff, roaming treatment or service availability.
Continue with the complete number
Look up the destination page, then apply the exit-code, trunk-prefix and formatting rules for that specific plan.
Numbering-plan sources
- ITU-T E.164: The international public telecommunication numbering planInternational Telecommunication Union. Verified 2026-07-19.
- List of ITU-T Recommendation E.164 assigned country codesInternational Telecommunication Union. Verified 2026-08-19.
- E.164 international shared country codes databaseInternational Telecommunication Union. Verified 2026-08-19.
- About the North American Numbering PlanNorth American Numbering Plan Administrator. Verified 2026-08-19.
- Area code maps: United States and territoriesNorth American Numbering Plan Administrator. Verified 2026-08-19.
See our editorial and sourcing methodology.